中国工程建设标准化协会公告

前言

1　总则

2　术语和符号

• 2.1　术语

• 2.2　符号

3　基本规定

4　土-水特征曲线测定试验

• 4.1　一般规定

• 4.2　张力计法测定基质吸力试验

• 4.3　压力板仪法测定基质吸力土-水特征曲线试验

• 4.4　滤纸法测定吸力试验

• 4.5　饱和盐溶液蒸汽平衡法测定总吸力土-水特征曲线试验

5　非饱和土侧限压缩试验

• 5.1　一般规定

• 5.2　仪器设备与高进气值陶土板的饱和及检验

• 5.3　控制吸力的侧限压缩试验

• 5.4　控制含水率的侧限压缩试验

6　非饱和土直剪试验

• 6.1　一般规定

• 6.2　仪器设备

• 6.3　控制吸力的固结排水直剪试验

• 6.4　控制含水率的直剪试验

7　黄土侧限增/减湿变形试验

• 7.1　一般规定

• 7.2　土样的增湿/减湿方法

• 7.3　先增/减湿后加压路径非饱和黄土增/减湿变形试验

• 7.4　先加压后增湿路径非饱和黄土增湿变形试验

8　抗拉强度试验

• 8.1　一般规定

• 8.2　仪器设备

• 8.3　操作步骤

• 8.4　计算、制图和记录

9　非饱和土三轴试验

• 9.1　一般规定

• 9.2　仪器设备

• 9.3　控制吸力的各向等压试验

• 9.4　控制吸力和净围压的固结排水剪切试验

• 9.5　净平均应力为常数吸力增大的试验

• 9.6　在一定应力状态下吸力卸载到零的湿陷/湿化试验

10　水平土柱渗水试验

• 10.1　一般规定

• 10.2　仪器设备

• 10.3　重塑土样的制备与安装

• 10.4　原状土样的制备

• 10.5　试验方法

11　渗气试验

• 11.1　一般规定

• 11.2　试验设备与试样制备

• 11.3　一维渗气试验

• 11.4　三轴渗气试验

12　真三轴试验

• 12.1　一般规定

• 12.2　非饱和土真三轴仪

• 12.3　试样制备

• 12.4　常含水率固结剪切试验

• 12.5　常基质吸力固结排水剪切试验

13　恒体积法膨胀力试验

• 13.1　一般规定

• 13.2　单向膨胀力试验

• 13.3　三向膨胀力试验

14　温控力学试验

• 14.1　一般规定

• 14.2　仪器设备

• 14.3　控制温度和基质吸力的侧限压缩试验

• 14.4　控制温度的常含水率侧限压缩试验

• 14.5　控制温度和基质吸力的各向等压试验

• 14.6　控制温度和基质吸力的三轴固结排水剪切试验

15　蠕变试验

• 15.1　一般规定

• 15.2　仪器设备及试样制备

• 15.3　侧限蠕变试验操作步骤

• 15.4　三轴蠕变试验操作步骤

• 15.5　计算、制图和记录

16　结构特征试验

• 16.1　一般规定

• 16.2　细观结构演化特征的CT-三轴试验

• 16.3　微观结构观测的扫描电镜试验

• 16.4　孔隙结构特征试验

17　化学-力学特性试验

• 17.1　一般规定

• 17.2　试样制备

• 17.3　侧限压缩试验

• 17.4　直剪试验

• 17.5　三轴试验

18　振动三轴试验和共振柱试验

• 18.1　一般规定

• 18.2　振动三轴试验

• 18.3　共振柱试验

19　空心圆柱动扭剪试验

• 19.1　一般规定

• 19.2　仪器设备

• 19.3　试验方法

• 19.4　试验数据处理

20　渗水模型试验

• 20.1　一般规定

• 20.2　仪器设备

• 20.3　重塑土样的制备与仪器的安装

• 20.4　试验方法

21　原位质量含水率与基质吸力检测试验

• 21.1　一般规定

• 21.2　原位质量含水率检测的时域反射法试验

• 21.3　原位基质吸力检测的张力计法试验

• 21.4　原位基质吸力检测的热传导法试验

22　孔内剪切试验

23　原位多场综合监测

• 23.1　一般规定

• 23.2　仪器设备

• 23.3　实施方法

• 23.4　计算和记录

24　三轴试样全表面变形数字图像测量试验

• 24.1　一般规定

• 24.2　操作步骤

• 24.3　试验数据后处理

25　三轴试样含水率分布测试试验

• 25.1　一般规定

• 25.2　标定试验

• 25.3　三轴试样含水率分布测试试验

26　土的分散性鉴别试验

• 26.1　一般规定

• 26.2　泥球试验

• 26.3　孔隙水阳离子试验

• 26.4　分散值（F）方法

• 26.5　野外调查方法

附录A　各项试验记录表

附录B　土-水特征关系曲线快速测定试验要点

附录C　非饱和黄土的构度试验要点

附录D　“8”字形试样单轴拉伸试验方法要点

附录E　膨胀土的膨胀性快速判别的电导率测试法要点

附录F　土体三维应力应变测试要点

用词说明

引用标准名录

制定说明

1　General provisions

2　Terms and symbols

• 2.1　Terms

• 2.2　Symbols

3　Basic requirements

4　Soil-water characteristic curve test

• 4.1　General requirements

• 4.2　Matric suction measurement test by tensiometer method

• 4.3　Axis translation method for determining soil-water characteristic curve in terms of matric suction

• 4.4　Suction measurement test by filter paper method

• 4.5　Vapor equilibrium method using saturated salt solutions for determining soil-water characteristic curve in terms of total suction

5　Unsaturated oedometer test

• 5.1　General requirements

• 5.2　Instruments and saturation of high air entry ceramic disks

• 5.3　One-dimensional compression test with control of matric suction

• 5.4　One-dimensional compression test at constant water content

6　Unsaturated direct shear test

• 6.1　General requirements

• 6.2　Instruments

• 6.3　Consolidated drained direct shear test with control of matric suction

• 6.4　Direct shear test at constant water content

7　One-dimensional wetting/drying test of loess

• 7.1　General requirements

• 7.2　Wetting/drying methods of soil specimens

• 7.3　Deformation test of unsaturated loess along the drying/wetting and subsequent loading path

• 7.4　Deformation test of unsaturated loess along the loading and subsequent wetting path

8　Tensile strength test

• 8.1　General requirements

• 8.2　Instruments

• 8.3　Operation steps

• 8.4　Calculate，drawing and record

9　Unsaturated triaxial test

• 9.1　General requirements

• 9.2　Instruments

• 9.3　Isotropic compression test with control of matric suction

• 9.4　Consolidated drained shear test with control of matric suction and net confining pressure

• 9.5　Matric suction increase test at constant net mean stress

• 9.6　Collapse/wetting test at a given stress state

10　Infiltration test of horizontal soil columns

• 10.1　General requirements

• 10.2　Instruments

• 10.3　Preparation and installation of disturbed soil columns

• 10.4　Preparation of undisturbed soil columns

• 10.5　Test method

11　Gas permeability test

• 11.1　General requirements

• 11.2　Instruments and soil specimen preparation

• 11.3　One-dimensional gas permeability test

• 11.4　Triaxial gas permeability test

12　True triaxial test for unsaturated soils

• 12.1　General requirements

• 12.2　True triaxial apparatus for unsaturated soils

• 12.3　Soil specimen preparation

• 12.4　Consolidated shear test at constant water content

• 12.5　Consolidated drained shear test at constant matric suction

13　Constant-volume swelling pressure test

• 13.1　General requirements

• 13.2　One-dimensional swelling pressure test

• 13.3　Three-dimensional swelling pressure test

14　Temperature-controlled mechanical test

• 14.1　General requirements

• 14.2　Instruments

• 14.3　One-dimensional compression test with control of matric suction and temperature

• 14.4　Temperature-controlled one-dimensional compression test at constant water content

• 14.5　Isotropic compression test with control of matric suction and temperature

• 14.6　Consolidated drained shear test with control of matric suction and temperature

15　Creep test

• 15.1　General requirements

• 15.2　Instruments and soil specimen preparation

• 15.3　Operation steps of one-dimensional creep test

• 15.4　Operation steps of triaxial creep test

• 15.5　Calculate，drawing and record

16　Structural Characterisation test

• 16.1　General requirements

• 16.2　CT-triaxial test for soil mesostructural investigation

• 16.3　Scanning electron microscopy test for soil microstructure investigation

• 16.4　Pore structure characteristic test

17　Chemical-mechanical characteristics test

• 17.1　General requirements

• 17.2　Soil specimen preparation

• 17.3　One-dimensional compression test

• 17.4　Direct shear test

• 17.5　Triaxial test

18　Dynamic triaxial test and resonant column test

• 18.1　General requirements

• 18.2　Dynamic triaxial test

• 18.3　Resonant column triaxial test

19　Hollow cylinder torsional shear test

• 19.1　General requirements

• 19.2　Instruments

• 19.3　Test method

• 19.4　Test data processing

20　Water infiltration model test

• 20.1　General requirements

• 20.2　Instruments

• 20.3　Disturbed soil specimen preparation and instrument installation

• 20.4　Test method

21　Field measurement test of water content and matric suction

• 21.1　General requirements

• 21.2　Time domain reflectometry method for determining field water content

• 21.3　Tensiometer method for determining field matric suction

• 21.4　Thermal conductivity sensor method for determining field matric suction

22　Borehole shear test

23　In-situ integrated multi-field monitoring

• 23.1　General requirements

• 23.2　Instruments and equipments

• 23.3　Implementation method

• 23.4　Calculate and record

24　Whole surface deformation measurement of triaxial soil specimen based on digital image processing

• 24.1　General requirements

• 24.2　Operation steps

• 24.3　Test data processing

25　Water content distribution measurement of triaxial soil specimen

• 25.1　General requirements

• 25.2　Calibration test

• 25.3　Water content distribution measurement of triaxial soil specimen

26　Identification test of soil dispersivity

• 26.1　General requirements

• 26.2　Muddy ball test

• 26.3　Pore water cations test

• 26.4　Dispersivity value（F）method

• 26.5　Field survey method

Appendix A　Form of test records

Appendix B　Main points of quick determination method of soil-water characteristic curve

Appendix C　Main points of test method for structural index of unsaturated loess

Appendix D　Main points of uniaxial tensile test method for 8-shaped soil specimen

Appendix E　Main points of rapid identification method for expansibility of expansive soil by measuring electrical conductivity

Appendix F　Main points of three-dimensional stress and strain test in soils

Explanation of wording

List of quoted standards